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CHAPTER 12
FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE OF THE MEDIA
162 FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY OF MEDIA
(1)
Freedom and independence of the media are hereby guaranteed.
(2)
Subject to this Constitution and any other law not inconsistent with this Constitution, there shall be
no censorship in Ghana.
(3)
There shall be no impediments to the establishment of private press or media; and in particular, there
shall be no law requiring any person to obtain a licence as a prerequisite to the establishment or
operation of a newspaper, journal or other media for mass communication or information.
(4)
Editors and publishers of newspapers and other institutions of the mass media shall not be subject to
control or interference by Government, nor shall they be penalized or harassed for their editorial
opinions and views, or the content of their publications.
(5)
All agencies of the mass media shall, at all times, be free to uphold the principles, provisions and
objectives of this Constitution, and shall uphold the responsibility and accountability of the
Government to the people of Ghana.
(6)
Any medium for the dissemination of information to the public which publishes a statement about or
against any person shall be obliged to publish a rejoinder, if any, from the person in respect of whom
the publication was made.
163 RESPONSIBILITY OF STATE-OWNED MEDIA
All state-owned media shall afford fair opportunities and facilities for the presentation of divergent
views and dissenting opinions.
164 LIMITATION ON RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
The provisions of articles 162 and 163 of this Constitution are subject to laws that are reasonably
required in the interest of national security, public order, public morality and for. the Purpose of
protecting the reputations, rights and freedoms of other persons
165 MEDIA RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS TO BE ADDITIONAL TO
FUND-MENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS
For the avoidance of doubt, the provisions of this Chapter shall not be taken to limit the enjoyment of
any of the fundamental human rights and freedoms guaranteed under Chapter 5 of this Constitution.
Ghana 1992 (rev. 1996)
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