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Article 12
• Right to life
Every person has the right to life. No person shall be arbitrarily deprived of life.
Article 13
The crime of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes are not subject to
prescriptive period.
Revisionism, negationism and trivialisation of genocide are punishable by the Law.
• State support for the elderly
• State support for the disabled
• Reference to country's history
• Protection of victim's rights
Article 14: Welfare of victims of genocide against the Tutsi
and other needy persons
The State shall, within the limits of its capacity, take special measures for the welfare
of the survivors who were rendered destitute by genocide against the Tutsi
committed in Rwanda from October 1st , 1990 to December 31st , 1994, the
disabled, the indigent and the elderly as well as other vulnerable groups.
• Prohibition of cruel treatment
• Prohibition of torture
Article 15
Every person has the right to physical and mental integrity.
No one shall be subjected to torture, physical abuse or cruel, inhuman or degrading
treatment.
No one shall be subjected to experimentation without his/her informed consent. The
modalities of such consent and experiments are determined by Law.
• General guarantee of equality
Article 16
All human beings are equal before the law. They shall enjoy, without any
discrimination, equal protection of the Law.
• Rights of debtors
Article 17
Criminal liability is personal. Civil liability is determined by a Law.
No one shall be imprisoned on the ground of inability to fulfil obligations arising from
civil or commercial Laws.
• Protection from ex post facto laws
Article 18
The person's liberty is guaranteed by the State.
No one shall be subjected to prosecution, arrest, detention or punishment unless
provided for by laws into force at the time the offence was committed.
The right to be informed of the nature and cause of charges and the right to defence
are absolute at all levels and degrees of proceedings before administrative, judicial
and all other decision making organs.
• Right to fair trial
• Presumption of innocence in trials
• Right to public trial
Article 19
Every person accused of a crime shall be presumed innocent until his or her guilt has
been conclusively proved in accordance with the law in a public and fair trial in which
all the necessary guarantees for defence have been made available.
Rwanda 2003 (rev. 2010)
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