(1) “Author” means the natural person who creates the work.
(2) “Original work” means a work which, by its characteristic features and form, or by
its form alone, allows its author to be identified.
(3) “Derived work” means a work that is created based on one or more pre-existing
works, such as translations, adaptations, arrangements or other alterations of an artistic
or literary work.
(4) “Collective work” means a work created by several authors, at the initiative and under
the direction of a natural or legal person, who publishes it under his direction and
name and in which the individual contributions of various authors participating in its
production are integral to the work as a whole for which they were conceived, without
it being possible to attribute to each author a separate right in the whole work once
compiled.
(5) “Collaborative work” means a work created by two or more authors. The production
of such a work may arise from relative collaboration, where the individual
contribution of each author can be clearly identified, or absolute collaboration, where
the contribution of each author cannot be identified in the work jointly created.
(6) “Composite work” means a new work in which a pre-existing work is incorporated
without the collaboration of the author of that work.
(7) “Audiovisual work” means a work that consists of a series of interrelated images
which impart an impression of motion, with or without accompanying sounds, which
can be seen and, where accompanied by sounds, can be heard.
(8) “Computer program” means a set of instructions expressed in words, codes, schemes
or in any other form, which may when incorporated in a machine-readable medium
cause a computer or electronic process capable of data processing to perform or
achieve a particular task or result.
(9) “Work of applied art” means an artistic creation with utilitarian functions or
incorporated in a useful article, whether made by hand or by industrial means. A
“useful article” shall be an article that meets the intrinsic utilitarian functions beyond
merely portraying the appearance of the article or conveying information.
(10)
“Radio work” means a work created for the purpose of sound broadcasting, such
as a radio play.
(11)
“Copying” is the result of any act of reproduction.
(12)
“Reproduction” means the manufacture of one or more copies of a work or part
thereof, in any material form whatsoever, including sound and visual recording. The
inclusion of a work or part thereof in a computer system, either in the internal
computer memory unit or an external computer memory unit is also a “reproduction”.
(13)
“Reprographic reproduction” means the reproduction in the form of a copy on
paper or assimilated medium by means of a photographic process or one producing an
equivalent effect permitting direct reading.
(14)
“Communication to the public” means the transmission by wire or wireless
means of the sound or image, or both, of a work in such a way that the aforementioned
can be perceived by persons outside the family circle and its closest social
acquaintances in one or more places at such a distance from the place where the
transmission originates that without the transmission, the image or sound could not be
perceivable from that (those) place(s), irrespective of whether the persons can receive
the image or sound at the same place and time, or at different places and times
individually chosen by them.
(15)
“Public performance” means the act of reciting, acting, dancing, performing or
otherwise interpreting a work either directly or through any device or process or, in the
case of an audiovisual work, of showing the images in sequence or of making the
accompanying sounds audible in one or more places where persons outside the family
circle and its closest social acquaintances are or may be present, irrespective of
whether they are or may be present in the same place and at the same time or in